When kidney failure, or renal failure, occurs, your body is no longer able to remove the excess wastes, water and electrolytes from your body. Usually, your doctor or dietitian will ask you to limit or control your intake of potassium, sodium and phosphorus to prevent overworking your kidneys. You may also be asked to either increase your protein intake or reduce it depending on your stage of kidney failure and if you are on dialysis.
Avoid Certain Foods
The National Kidney Foundation suggests patients who are on dialysis due to renal failure do not consume nuts, nut butter, seeds, dried beans, lentils and peas because they contain high amounts of phosphorus and potassium. The foundation also suggests that you avoid whole-grain and high-fiber foods, which contain high quantities of phosphorus.. Consume few dairy products because they contain high amounts of phosphorus, regardless of the fat content. An example would be only consuming 1/2 cup of milk or yogurt or 1 oz. of cheese per day. Avoid high-potassium fruits and juices, such as oranges, prunes, melons, bananas and star fruit. Vegetables that should not be eaten include potatoes, tomatoes, avocados and spinach.
Eat a Balanced Diet
If you suffer from end stage renal failure and you are on dialysis, you may be required to eat plenty of protein, about 8 to 10 oz. per day. But if you are in the earlier stages, then protein will most likely be limited. High-quality protein choices include beef, pork, chicken, fish and eggs. You can eat six to 11 servings of breads a day, white or rye, if you are not required to watch your weight or carbohydrate intake. Limited quantities of low-phosphorus dairy products are acceptable and include butter, cream and ricotta cheese and sherbet. Fruit choices with low potassium include apples, grapes, pears and pineapple. Vegetables you should choose to eat include carrots, eggplant, garlic and all types of peppers.
Other Tips
Substitute non-dairy creamer or frozen dessert for real dairy versions. Keep your salt intake low and increase flavor by preparing foods with vinegar or herbs. Bring a list of proper food choices when eating out to help make choosing your meals easier. Read product labels carefully to monitor your phosphorus and potassium intake. Cola drinks contain a lot of phosphorus, but ginger ale and lemon-lime beverages are acceptable. When preparing foods, avoid cooking in butter, and choose oils that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as olive or canola oil, which can help with cholesterol levels and maintain artery health.
