Cough congestion accompanied by a runny nose is the result of irritated sinuses from allergens, irritants or environmental factors, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology. When the nose runs, it drains out of the nostrils and down the back of the throat. Mucus in the back of the throat accumulates, causing the cough reflex muscle to send messages to the brain to produce a cough. Only a doctor can provide an accurate diagnosis of the condition.
Post Nasal Drip
Post nasal drip is the result of mucus glands over-producing, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology. The normal function of the mucus is to cleanse, moisten and keep harmful airborne substances from entering the body. When the sinus cavity becomes irritated or inflamed, the mucus glands are stimulated and produce more mucus. If the sinuses swell and obstruct the nostrils, the mucus build-up has no where else to drain but down the throat. Post nasal drip can affect the throat with irritation and constant coughing. The condition is treated with over-the-counter decongestants, expectorants and a sinus rinse.
Hay Fever
Hay fever is an allergic condition that affects one in five people in the United States, according to MayoClinic.com. Hay fever is an allergy to airborne substances, such as pollen, dust or mold spores and is commonly experienced during the spring months, when plant life is blooming. Common symptoms of hay fever are a runny nose, nasal congestion, coughing and eye and throat irritation. Hay fever can also cause allergy-induced asthma, which leads to chest tightness and coughing. Hay fever is treated with antihistamines and by avoiding known allergens. For most people, hay fever is manageable and is only a problem during the spring, but for others with a chronic condition, immunotherapy may be the best treatment. Talk with an allergist.
Common Cold
The common cold is a viral infection in the body, caused by one of over 200 different viruses, according to MedlinePlus. The common cold causes similar symptoms as an allergic reaction, but only lasts for five to seven days. The common cold will produce excessive phlegm in the chest, throat and nasal cavity, which leads to a runny nose and coughing. The common cold has no cure and is treated with rest, drinking increased fluids and taking over-the-counter medications to treat the symptoms.
