Shigella is bacteria that causes diarrhea and contributes to a food-borne illness called shigellosis. Shigellosis occurs mainly from eating contaminated dairy products, chicken, salads made with mayonnaise and unsafe water sources. The diarrhea usually runs its course in about a week, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Origin
The shigella bacteria got its name from a Japanese scientist called Shiga. The bacteria was discovered in the early 20th century, according to the CDC.
Types
Shigella is a family of bacteria. Most of the people in the United States who become sick from the bacteria contract group D shigella, or shigella sonnei. Shigella flexneri, also called group B, is also common in industrialized countries. Shigella dysenteriae type 1 is rare in the United States but can be potentially deadly in other areas of the world.
Statistics
The CDC reports shigella infections are reported in more than 14,000 Americans every year, but this number accounts for only a fraction of the people who are affected. Many cases of shigellosis are mild and might not be reported to health officials.
Diagnosis
The shigella bacteria is spread through contact with a person who is infected or from eating a food that is contaminated with the bacteria.
Treatment
People who are infected with shigella bacteria are treated with antibiotics.
Prevention
Frequent hand washing can help prevent the spread of shigella infections. Avoiding contaminated foods and water sources can also prevent illness.
