According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), “arthritis is inflammation of one or more joints, which results in pain, swelling, stiffness and limited movement. There are over 100 different types of arthritis.” The causes of arthritis can range from overextended use to preexisting diseases; however, certain causes, like cartilage breakdown, result in more severe joint arthritis. Arthritis can occur in men and women of all ages. According to NIH, about 37 million people in America have arthritis of some kind--almost one out of every seven people.
Cartilage Breakdown
One of the main causes of arthritis, according to the NIH, is a breakdown of cartilage. Cartilage surrounds and protects the joint, resulting in smooth movement. In addition, cartilage absorbs the shock from pressure on the joint, caused by joint movement and activity. However, when there is an absence of cartilage or a wearing away of the cartilage, it results in the bones rubbing together. Patients experience pain, inflammation and stiffness. Joint arthritis caused by cartilage breakdown cannot be reversed. In addition, if treatment is not sought for the cartilage breakdown, it can result in additional pain and the formation of bone spurs on the joint.
Joint Inflammation
Another cause of arthritis is joint inflammation. According to the NIH, autoimmune diseases, a broken bone, “wear and tear” on the joint, and a bacterial or viral infection can result in joint inflammation. However, unlike joint arthritis caused by cartilage breakdown, arthritis caused by joint inflammation can be alleviated when the inflammation is treated.
Additional Causes
Certain conditions can predispose a person for joint arthritis. Patients who are overweight, have a previous joint injury or perform repetitive actions on a joint are more likely to develop joint arthritis. These conditions put an undue stress on the joint, which can result in either joint inflammation or a breakdown of the joint's cartilage. However, patients who have an increased risk of joint arthritis can lower that risk by losing weight or receiving treatment for the weakened joint.
