Arranging food into food groups has been around since the early 20th century. However, with the constant changes in nutrition science, they are continually evolving. You may remember the original four food groups---grains, fruits and vegetables, meat and dairy. Over time, this basic grouping has expanded into six classifications.
What Are Food Groups?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "foods are grouped together when they share similar nutritional properties." This classification system is typically shown in a pyramid-shaped diagram. This system was put into place to emphasize a "healthy diet" based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
History
The concept of food groups has been around for around 100 years. In 1916, cereals, fruits and vegetables, meats and milk, fatty foods and sugary foods were the five food group divisions. However, these "basic five" were updated to the "basic seven." Although food groups have been in existence for so many years, the food pyramid itself was not introduced until 1992. This idea has been evolving since the beginning of the 20th century and will continue to evolve as new food science discoveries are made.
Significance
Food groups and the food pyramid were created to emphasize a healthy diet. These classifications are based on the dietary guidelines put forth by nutritional agencies each year. Scientists employed by these agencies spend ample amounts of time in a laboratory setting to determine exactly what should be going into our body and what shouldn't. The idea of a balanced diet stems from these findings, and may have a significant impact on our overall health.
Types
There are six major food groups. Grains refers to various carbohydrate sources, including bread and pasta. Fruits encompasses all types of fruit. Vegetables include the typical green vegetable sources in addition to tomatoes and sweet potatoes. Dairy consists of skim milk, low-fat milk, cheese and yogurt. Lean meats refers to all meat sources that are low in fat content. Finally, the nuts, seeds and legumes group includes almonds, peanuts, beans and sunflower seeds.
Considerations
Remember that the food groups and food pyramid are only guidelines. While the foods listed in each food group have been chosen for a reason, it's fine to deviate from this particular approach from time to time. Moderation is the key.
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