A stomach virus, also known as the stomach flu or viral gastroenteritis, refers to the inflammation and irritation of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract. The stomach virus is caused by viral organisms found in unclean water, spoiled food and diary products. Symptoms of a stomach virus include abdominal cramps, nausea, diarrhea, aches and pain. Many different viruses can cause viral gastroenteritis or stomach virus.
Rotavirus
According to KidsHealth, an information service sponsored by the Nemours Foundation, rotavirus is a frequent cause of stomach virus in children under 15 months of age. Typical symptoms include water diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever and vomiting lasting between three to seven days. Rotavirus is contracted by coming into contact with contaminated items such as food. In addition, rotavirus can lead to hospitalization, severe diarrhea and even death if left untreated according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Since this type of virus primarily infects kids, parents should seek immediate medical attention if symptoms become severe. A rotavirus vaccination is available.
Adenovirus
The adenovirus also causes stomach virus and affects respiratory and urinary membranes. This virus primarily affects children up to 2 years of age, according to KidsHealth. When the adenovirus affects the stomach, it causes symptoms of abdominal cramps and diarrhea. According to MayoClinic.com, repeated infections are possible because various virus strains exist. Adenovirus infections occur year around.
Astrovirus
The astrovirus is another pathogen that contributes to stomach viruses. Upon infection, the astrovirus causes symptoms of chills, cramping and diarrhea. Elderly adults and children are prone to infection from this type of virus. Although the virus produces symptoms, it is not particularly strong and typically does not require medical attention. Stomach virus from this type of pathogen is likely to occur during the winter months and last for at least three days.
Caliciviruses
Caliciviruses infect children and adults. Norovirus, the most common of the caliciviruses, causes stomach virus symptoms such as fatigue, muscle aches, vomiting, nausea and chills, according to eMedTV.com. Infection causes the intestines and stomach to become inflamed. It can be transmitted through respiration, fecal-oral transfer or contaminated food. The CDC reports that food can become contaminated by viruses through sharing food, drink or utensils with an infected person.
