Viral meningitis occurs when the protective membranes that surround the spinal cord and brain becomes inflamed, according to MayoClinic.com. Viral meningitis creates chemical changes in the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the spinal cord and brain. It spreads through direct contact with infected throat, nose and feces secretions. A common infectious disease, viral meningitis spreads in summer and early autumn. Long term effects of meningitis include vision problems, encephalitis and hearing loss.
Vision Problems
Viral meningitis can result in vision problems such as double vision, blind spots or visual loss. A 2008 study written in the "Journal of Neuro-Opthalmalogy" reported the case of a viral meningitis patient who developed temporary vision paralysis. The study detailed that viral meningitis spreads through the nerves to the brain and affects the visual cortex. Once the virus meningitis was treated, the patient's vision was resolved. The study also reports the cases of other patients who experienced vision problems as a result of viral meningitis.
Encephalitis
In certain cases, viral meningitis can lead to encephalitis. During encephalitis, inflammation of the brain occurs and is accompanied by headache, neck pain and seizures. According to the National Institute of Disorders and Stroke, thousands of encephalitis cases are reported each year. In addition, new cases continue to occur because of mild to non-existent symptoms in most of the patients.
Hearing Loss
Patients with viral meningitis are at risk for experiencing hearing loss. MayoClinic.com reports that developing a serious hearing loss complication is greater for patients who are left untreated for viral meningitis. Hearing loss can also lead to auditory nerve swelling, which is responsible for hearing. It is recommended to visit a physician or medical professional to discuss treatment options.
