Your feet initiate most fitness activities, so training shoes are the most important element of your workout wardrobe. Exercise shoes must be specific to the activity you're doing, and to your foot shape. Sports or exercises that require lateral movement, for example, require a shoe that offers lateral support. High impact activities, such as running, require shoes with greater shock absorption. Choosing the right shoe enhances movement efficiency and prevents injury.
Walking Shoes
Walking requires you to roll your foot from heel to toe. Walking shoes must be flexible, and have enough cushioning for walking on concrete, blacktop or cobblestones. Look for shoes that are lightweight and breathable.
Running
Each foot strike during a run can exert a force equal to three times your body weight, explains Glenn Elert, editor of the "Physics Factbook." This impact requires running shoes to have more cushioning than walking shoes. Road running shoes are lightweight, and designed for runners who usually run on pavement. Trail running shoes, designed for off-road runners, offer increased traction and stability.
Aerobic Shoes
The lateral movements used in a step, high- or low-impact aerobic class require a light, flexible shoe that provides lateral movement support. An article on the American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine website details other aerobic shoe requirements, which include forefoot stability and a toe box high enough to prevent bruised toenails
Water Aerobic Shoes
Water aerobic movements performed in deeper water are non-impact, but the shallow water jumping movements have some impact on the joints. Water aerobic shoes are waterproof. They provide cushioning and traction.
Toning Shoes
Reebok Easy Tone, Skechers Shape-Ups and Masai Barefoot Technology are examples of toning shoes. These shoes use a rocker technology that is similar to using a modified balance board. Proponents claim that this technology enhances hamstring and gluteal muscle activation.
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