Bad sinuses or sinusitis is caused by inflammation in the nasal region, which can lead to an infection. Those who have conditions such as swelling in the nasal mucus membrane from a cold, blockage or narrowing of drainage ducts and conditions that suppress the immune system are at higher risk of developing sinusitis. Symptoms of acute sinusitis include facial pain, nasal discharge, stuffiness, congestion, fever and loss of smell. When thick green or yellowish discharge is present along with other symptoms, acute sinusitis is diagnosed. Chronic sinusitis is diagnosed when these symptoms last eight weeks or more.
Medications
Sufferers may feel relief from bad sinuses when taking non-prescription medications such as decongestants, nasal sprays and pain relievers. However, according to a study in the May 1996 issue of "The Larygoscope," prolonged use of nasal sprays can increase swelling. When non-prescription drugs are not sufficient, a doctor may give prescription medications. Amoxicillin is a common antibiotic used to kill bacteria that can lead to a sinus infection. A doctor may also prescribe corticosteroids, such as prednisone, which are helpful in reducing inflammation in the nasal passages. These drugs can also be taken as an inhaled nasal spray. Antibiotic therapy is a longer treatment and may be necessary for bad sinuses.
Home Remedies
Home remedies may help treat chronic sinusitis by relieving pain and pressure. Applying a hot, moist towel to the face for five to 10 minutes can improve the drainage of mucus and minimize swelling in the sinuses. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, drinking plenty of liquids and eating spicy foods can assist in keeping the mucus thin. A humidifier will increase the moisture in the air and open the airways. This will eliminate dry air, which can aggravate the sinuses. Salt water nasal cleansers can help to keep the nasal passages open. They also wash out mucus and bacteria, which can prevent an infection of the sinuses. Suffers of bad sinuses should consult a health care specialist before beginning any home remedy treatments.
Surgery
If medications have been taken for an extended period of time with little relief from bad sinuses, surgery may be necessary. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, when infection spreads to the facial bones or inside the brain, surgery may be required in addition to antibiotics. Surgery should significantly improve drainage of the sinuses by removing the blockage from an infected tissue, growths in the nose or bones. Surgery options include endoscopic surgery to remove the material blocking the sinuses or traditional surgery to create an opening from the sinus into the mouth or the facial skin. Surgery does not always resolve or totally eliminate bad sinuses.
