The ear is a complex structure, comprised of the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear, according to the Home Health UK. Any inflammation of the ear is termed "otitis" and can affect the external or internal part of the ear. Ear drops, either prescription or over-the-counter, are available to treat several different problems that affect the ears. Minor earaches will clear up without treatment, but if there is severe pain, discharge or fever, a physician should be consulted.
Earwax Preparations
Earwax, called cerumen, is normally produced by the ear to clean, protect and lubricate the outer ear passages. Occasionally, earwax can build up in the ear. This is called cerumen impaction and may cause a feeling of fullness or partial hearing loss, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology. Ear drops containing carbamide peroxide are available over-the-counter. These products work to soften and loosen ear wax, making it easier to remove. These products should not be used if you have a ruptured eardrum or are allergic to the ingredients. Cotton swabs should not be used to remove loosened ear wax, as they tend to push the earwax further inside the ear.
Antibiotic Ear Drops
An ear infection, either otitis media or otitis externa, can occur as a result of a blocked Eustachian tube from a cold, an allergy or from water getting trapped inside the ear, called swimmer's ear. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology, bacteria can invade the blockage and cause symptoms such as earache, swelling and fever. If the eardrum ruptures, there may be a discharge containing pus. An ear infection should be evaluated by a physician, who can prescribe the proper antibiotic ear drops. Antibiotics in otic solutions are available by prescription, including neomycin and polymyxin B, ciprofloxacin and nystatin. Antibiotic ear drops are also available containing hydrocortisone to reduce the inflammation associated with an ear infection. Side effects should be reported to your physician immediately and include signs of allergy such as redness, itching and additional swelling.
Pain Relieving Drops
Earaches can be painful due to swelling and build-up of fluid inside the ear. If the eardrum does not rupture, allowing the fluid and pus to drain, it can take months for that condition to resolve through reabsorption. Pain relieving ear drops containing antipyrine and benzocaine may be prescribed in addition to antibiotic ear drops. According to Drugs.com, antipyrine and benzocaine drops are used to relieve the pain, swelling and congestion that occur as a result of an ear infection. These products also act to soften earwax to aid in its removal. Side effects include redness, itching and burning and should be reported to a doctor.
