Influenza affects millions of people per year in the United States according to the New York Times Health Guide, while 36,000 people die from the flu every year. Treatment for the flu usually is symptomatic; however there are prescription medications available. Persons who have chronic medical conditions or immunity problems, the elderly, and children should see their doctor if they have the flu, since they are at high risk for complications.
Over the Counter Medications
People with the flu usually get symptoms such as fever and body aches. Medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce these symptoms since they can bring down a high fever and reduce pain. It is important to talk to a doctor prior to taking any over the counter medication because they might be contraindicated with certain conditions or be a problem with prescription medication that is being taken for other medical conditions. FamilyDoctor.org outlines other over the counter medicines for symptomatic relief. Expectorants thin mucus and antitussives help stop coughing, although they should not be used if there is mucus being coughed up. Nasal sprays should only be used for a few days, since they can make symptoms worse.
Sore Throat and Congestion Relief
The flu will sometimes cause a sore throat. Throat lozenges can help to soothe the throat. In addition, salt water gargles several times a day might help to minimize throat discomfort. Sometimes, a humidifier helps to loosen secretions if there is nasal or chest congestion. People who have severe soreness in the throat or who have trouble breathing because of shortness of breath should be evaluated by their doctor to rule out other medical problems.
Antiviral Medications
There are antiviral medications available for the flu, however, they need to be taken early or within the first 48 hours of symptoms. Antiviral medications can reduce the severity and length of the flu symptoms. People who have a high risk for complications of the flu such as the elderly, children, and those with chronic medical conditions should get an evaluation from their doctor if they think that they have the flu. Depending on the person's medical condition, the doctor may decide that antiviral medication is appropriate to help prevent the possibility of complications.
Other Remedies
Staying home and getting rest is important for healing. This gives the body a chance to recover, while it also helps to prevent the spread of flu to others in the community. Drinking fluids helps to prevent dehydration. If people experience shortness of breath, chest pain, a high fever, dizziness, a severe headache, lethargy, severe cough or confusion, they should seek medical attention. There are complications of the flu such as dehydration, pneumonia, or other bacterial infections that would require medical intervention and treatment.
