Metoprolol succinate is the generic equivalent of the blood pressure medications Toprol XL and Lopressor. It is a beta-blocker medication used to treat congestive heart failure, irregular heartbeat and high blood pressure. According to the Texas Heart Institute, beta blockers like metoprolol succinate work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on beta receptors, which slows nerve impulses traveling through the heart. There are some side effects associated with using metoprolol succinate.
Allergic Reaction
As with any medication, it is possible to suffer an allergic reaction while taking metoprolol succinate. The signs of a severe allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis, include hives, itching, skin rash, shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. This is a medical emergency. If you experience any of those symptoms, or have swelling of the face, lips, throat and tongue, notify your physician immediately.
Dizziness, Drowsiness and Fainting
Metoprolol succinate can cause dizziness and drowsiness, especially when starting treatment. In extreme cases, it can lower blood pressure too much, causing fainting. According to Drugs.com, dizziness and drowsiness occur in 10 out of 100 patients--10 percent. Do not drive or operate any type of machinery when first taking metoprolol succinate until you determine if this medication will diminish alertness. Avoid alcohol and sitting in the sun, as these might exacerbate these side effects. Move slowly from a lying down or sitting position to avoid fainting.
Gastrointestinal Upset
Metoprolol succinate does have some side effects that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Metoprolol succinate can cause digestive upset, including heartburn, nausea or diarrhea. Taking the medication with food can decrease the onset of side effects. As a continuous-release medication that slowly dissolves over a 24- hour period, you should never cut in the pills half or take the medication at the different times of day. Metoprolol succinate needs to be taken at the same time every day.
Insomnia and Nightmares
According to Drugs.com, a small number of people will suffer insomnia, or sleeplessness, while taking metoprolol succinate. It is also possible to develop nightmares while taking this medication, but only about one percent will be affected by this side effect.
Serious Side Effects and Drug Interactions
Never stop taking metoprolol succinate suddenly, as it can cause chest pain and heart attack. This medication should not be taken by patients with low blood pressure or a slow heart rate, called bradycardia, as it can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure and blood flow through the heart. Some will suffer depression while taking metoprolol succinate, which generally improves over time, but in some, will lead to catatonia or thoughts of suicide. Those with liver disease, hyperactive thyroid, asthma, diabetes and some types of heart failure may not be able to take metoprolol succinate. Some medications are contra-indicated with this medication, including phenobarbital, clonidine, some SSRI medications such as fluoxetine and paroxetine, birth control pills, digoxin, verapamil and some cold medicines. A more complete list is available on Drugs.com. You must inform your dentist or surgeon if you are taking metoprolol succinate before having any procedures.
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