A healthy self-image is an important part of mental well-being. In children, mental health is crucial to social, emotional and psychological development. Initially, a child's self-image is based on his perception of his intelligence and abilities. Adolescents often base self-image on their perception of looks and popularity. These perceptions are influenced by family, caregivers, peers and media.
Definition
Self-image, which psychologists call self-schema, is one aspect of self-esteem. It encompasses how a child views himself and how he believes other people view him. The self-schema dictates a person's reaction to any situation. For example, a child who perceives himself as the class clown will interpret a classmate's laughter as approval, while a child who perceives himself as unpopular may interpret that same laughter as ridicule.
Characteristics
Children with a positive self-image believe they are valuable, capable and productive members of society and tend to behave as such. These children generally have high self-esteem and are well adjusted at home and at school. They do well in social situations, interacting constructively with others and making friends easily. They typically have few problems with authority, follow rules and behave appropriately. They develop their own ideas while respecting the opinions and ideas of others.
Factors
Numerous factors influence the development of a child's self-image, but one of the most important is the presence of a role model. A child whose parents are generally positive and optimistic is more likely to adopt these qualities than a child whose parents are negative, pessimistic and critical. In school-age children, teachers and peer groups are important sources of self-perception.
Considerations
According to the Anti-Defamation League, children with poor self-images are more likely to engage in stereotyping and discrimination. A child with a poor self-image typically compares himself to others as a barometer for self-worth. If he stereotypes a group of people as "lazy" or "dumb," he can tell himself that he is better than all the people in that group. Helping your child develop a positive self-image gives him a healthy basis for comparison and eliminates stereotyping as a coping mechanism.
Development
Parents and caregivers play an important role in helping children develop a positive self-image and healthy self-esteem. By assigning challenging but reasonable tasks and setting attainable goals, you create opportunities for success. Praising a child's achievements, even the small ones, helps foster a sense of pride and capability that is the foundation for a positive self-image.
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