A skin rash, referred to as dermatitis, is inflammation of the skin in response to irritants, allergens or bacterial infections. Dermatitis is usually a mild condition treated effectively by avoiding irritants or applying an antibiotic. Some skin rashes, however, are serious medical emergencies, requiring immediate medical assistance.
Contact Dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is a rash that is caused by an irritant or an allergen. An irritant or allergen such as latex, fabrics, detergents, adhesives, chemicals, poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac or medications can cause blisters on the skin that are red, painful, itchy and occasionally oozing. The best treatment for contact dermatitis is to avoid the underlying irritant or allergen. To relieve symptoms you can apply a damp, cool towel to the area; avoid hot environments, soaps, detergents, perfumes and lotions; and consult a physician if the reaction is severe.
Eczema
Eczema is a chronic skin condition characterized by skin blisters that form an outer scaly, itchy, crust. Approximately 15 million Americans suffer from this disorder, which is often associated with allergies, notes the University of Maryland Medical Center, which recommends the avoidance of irritants such as mold, pollen, pet dander, fabrics, chemicals, dust and food allergies. According to UMMC, sufferers should avoid scratching the affected area; maintain a cool, low-humidity environment at home; and practice stress management techniques. Medications such as calamine, topical or oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, or immunomodulators may reduce flare-ups.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a fungal infection that causes scaly, crusty sores on the skin. Caused by Staphylococcus aureus or group A streptococci bacteria, impetigo is a highly contagious infection. Signs and symptoms of impetigo include yellow crusted, itchy sores that appear like little pimples on the hands or face. Impetigo starts as a small blister, filled with yellow fluid, surrounded by reddened skin. Without treatment, the sores can spread and infect the kidneys, bones, joints or lungs. The bacteria can cause sepsis of the blood. Treating impetigo involves washing the affected area with soap and water and applying a topical antibiotic cream. Severe internal infections are treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics, notes Penn State University.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common skin disorder characterized by a skin rash that contains raised skin lesions with deep reddish borders and a silvery, scaly surface. Blisters can form that leak pus, nails can become pitted and discolored, and joints can become sore. Psoriasis is a chronic condition that appears and disappears over time, according to UMMC. It may be treated with topical creams, medications, ultraviolet light therapy, changes in diet and vitamin supplementation.
