Tendons, also known as sinew, are thick bands of tissue that connect bones to muscles in a joint, according to MayoClinic.com. Tendons are located in the knees, elbows, ankles and shoulders. Due to overuse, chronic medical conditions and improper conditioning, tendons can rupture or tear. Symptoms of a ruptured tendon include weakness in the affected joint, bruising and a popping sensation when the rupture occurs. Treatment for a ruptured tendon includes surgical repair or applying a cast treatment to allow the tendon to heal.
Injury
According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, injury is the most frequent cause of ruptured tendons. During a traumatic event, a ruptured tendon can occur in weakened areas. The patellar tendon in the knee or the Achilles tendon in the foot frequently ruptures during episodes of running, tripping, falling or jumping. Lifting heavy objects and stumbling can rupture a tendon in the shoulder or arm.
Medical Conditions
MayoClinic.com reports that certain medical conditions may remove or minimize blood flow to the tendons. Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and chronic renal failure are chronic conditions that increase a person's risk of developing ruptured tendons. Inflammation of the tendon, or tendonitis, also increases the possibility of tendon rupture.
Age
The blood supply in the human body decreases with age. As a result, the decreased blood supply weakens the tendons in different parts of the body. The tendon area with decreased blood flow usually weakens and becomes susceptible to damage. With time, the weakened area increases the likelihood of rupturing as it degenerates with age. The American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons notes that middle-aged individuals who participate in activities or sports in their free time often develop ruptured tendons.
Medications
Certain medications and drugs can increase risks for developing a ruptured tendon. Corticosteroids can weaken tendons and cause rupturing. Fluoroquinolones, a group of antibacterial medications, may cause ruptured tendons, according to the United States Food and Drug Administration. The medications, available in injectable and oral forms, are likely to cause ruptured tendons in individuals over the age of 60 with chronic medical conditions.
