LDL and HDL are the two types of cholesterol. Cholesterol cannot dissolve in blood and instead must carried to your body's cells by substances known as lipoproteins. These are classified as either low-density lipoproteins, or LDL, or high-density lipoproteins, or HDL. Understanding the difference between the two is an important step in controlling your cholesterol levels. While HDL helps to prevent heart disease, LDL has the opposite effect. If your doctor believes you may be suffering from high cholesterol, he will ask for a cholesterol test. Cholesterol screening is done through a simple blood test.
What is Cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a waxy substance that is found in the fats that travel through your blood. Your body produces all the LDL cholesterol it needs, but you may take in more through the foods you eat. You need a certain amount of cholesterol in order to produce healthy cells. However, having excessive cholesterol in your bloodstream is dangerous, as it can cause serious health problems. Cholesterol testing is done by measuring levels in a blood sample. The test will measure LDL, HDL and total cholesterol.
Cholesterol Levels
The American Heart Association states that a LDL level below 100mg/dL is optimal. Any number above 130mg/dL is borderline high and is a red flag that you should aim to lower your cholesterol level. A level above 160mg/dL is high and puts you at a much higher risk for a heart attack or stroke.
You should try to get your HDL level above 60 mg/dL. This will help prevent against cardiovascular disease.
LDL
Because of its health risks, LDL is known as the "bad" cholesterol. If too much LDL is in your blood, it will slowly build up on the walls of your arteries as it circulates your bloodstream. Then it can form into a thick, hard deposit, called plaque. Plaque narrows and stiffens your arteries. If it succeeds in completely blocking an artery, a heart attack or stroke can occur.
HDL
HDL is considered the "good" cholesterol as it prevents heart disease. HDL works by carrying cholesterol away from your arteries and to your liver, where it is eventually removed from your body. You should try to increase your HDL levels.
Lowering LDL
If your tests reveal you have high cholesterol, it means you have an elevated level of LDL. You should take immediate action to lower your cholesterol. Work with your doctor to create a healthy lifestyle plan. This includes following a healthy diet and exercise routine. According to MayoClinic.com, a healthy diet may help lower cholesterol more than medication. Your diet should consist of lean meat and fish, fruits and vegetables, whole grains and fiber. Limit your intake of dietary cholesterol and trans fat. Exercise between 30 and 60 minutes on most days.
If these treatments prove ineffective, your doctor will probably prescribe medications to help lower your cholesterol.
