Acne vulgaris (acne) is when nodules, papules, comedones, pustules, and/or cysts form on the surface of the skin as a result of inflammation and obstruction of hair follicles and their sebaceous glands, according to the Merck Manual For Healthcare Professionals. In many cases, hormones play a role in the development of acne, making this condition common in teenagers; however, acne can occur in any age group, according to the Mayo Clinic. Depending on the severity, acne can lead to skin scarring and cause emotional distress. Effective treatments are available; however, the earlier treatment begins, the lower the incidence of physical and psychological damage.
Step 1
Try an over-the-counter topical treatment. Over-the-counter (OTC) acne lotions and creams can dry up oil, encourage sloughing of dead skin cells and kill bacteria, according to the Mayo Clinic. OTC preparations are usually mild and contain sulfur, lactic acid, salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide or resorcinol as their active ingredient. Although OTC acne medications are mild, they can cause side effects such as dryness, flaking and skin irritation, Check with your doctor to make sure OTC acne treatments are appropriate for your condition.
Step 2
Ask about prescription topical treatments. If your acne fails to respond to OTC preparations, talk to your doctor about prescribing a stronger lotion. Adapalene (Differin), tretinoin (Retin-A, Renova, Avita) and tazarotene (Avage, Tazorac) are examples of prescription topical products that are derived from vitamin A. These medications work by discouraging the plugging of hair follicles. Topical antibiotics are also used for treating acne by killing excess bacteria on the skin. Prescription topical treatments can cause burning, stinging, redness and peeling. Talk to your doctor about minimizing these reactions, which might include switching to another preparation, using a gradual increase in dose and washing off the cream after a short application.
Step 3
Inquire about oral antibiotics. Moderate or severe acne might respond to a short course of oral antibiotics, according to the Mayo Clinic. In some cases, your doctor will recommend treating your acne with oral medications and topical medications together. Antibiotics can cause upset stomach, skin discoloration and sun sensitivity.
Step 4
Think about cosmetic procedures. Microdermabrasion and chemical peels can help control acne, which have traditionally been utilized to reduce the appearance of minor facial scars, sun damage and fine lines. These procedures can cause temporary blistering, severe redness, scaling and long-term skin discoloration. Weigh the risks and benefits with your physician before considering these treatments.
Step 5
Ask about laser and light therapy. These therapies reach deeper layers of your skin without damaging the skin's surface. Laser treatments are thought to damage sebaceous (oil) glands and cause them to produce less oil. Light therapy targets the bacteria responsible for acne inflammation. Both therapies can lessen the appearance of scarring and improve skin texture. Light and laser therapies can cause skin problems that mimic a severe sunburn. Ask your doctor to recommend a dermatologist skilled in these treatments.
Tips and Warnings
- Keep your hands off your face, and do not rest objects like a telephone on your face. Also, keep your hair clean and away from your face because the oils from your hair can aggravate acne.
- Never pick or squeeze your blemishes because doing so can lead to scarring and infection.
Things You'll Need
- Over-the-counter topical treatment
- Prescription topical treatment
- Oral antibiotics
- Cosmetic procedures
- Laser and light therapy
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