The skin care aisles of even the most modest drugstore contain a bewildering array of facial skin care products. The most important products are those that actually nourish and improve the skin, not just hide its flaws. Learning about the purpose of moisturizers, cleansers, sunscreens and toners in skin care can help you get the most from your skin care dollar.
Moisturizers
Moisturizers are essential for people with all skin types, including oily skin. Moisturizers typically contain both an emollient for keeping skin smooth and supple, and a humectant to help replenish and retain water. All moisturizers contain a preservative to guard against fungal or bacterial contamination. Another ingredient often seen in moisturizers is fragrance. According to the Mayo Clinic, added fragrances are the ingredients most likely to cause irritation or allergic reactions, so choose a fragrance-free formula if your skin is especially sensitive. The Mayo Clinic advises that the best time to apply moisturizer to your face is right after a shower. That way, your moisturizer can trap moisture in surface skin cells.
Cleansers
Facial cleansers come in many forms, but skin care expert Paula Begoun advises that the best kind is a water-soluble liquid cleanser, not bar soap. Bar soaps can both dry out the skin and clog the pores, causing pimples in those who are susceptible. The way you use the cleanser is important. Apply it to your face gently with a soft washcloth, and never stretch or pull at your skin. Don't rinse with hot water, since it can cause dryness.
Sunscreens
Sunscreen is arguably the most important skin care product for the face. This product is crucial to protect your skin from the ultraviolet rays that can cause skin cancer in addition to wrinkles and dry, damaged skin. The American Academy of Dermatology advises that you use sunscreen daily, even on overcast days, and that you apply the sunscreen 15 to 30 minutes before venturing outside. Your sunscreen should have a sun protection formula of at least 30.
Toners
Toners are also called astringents, fresheners, clarifiers and refiners. Whatever the name on the label, high quality toners can help reduce inflammation, help remove makeup, and deliver light moisturizing ingredients and humectants. Begoun cautions that not all toners are well formulated. Some actually have the potential to irritate the skin instead of helping it. Avoid toners formulated with alcohol, citrus ingredients, mint or witch hazel, and select ones labeled "fragrance free."
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