The shoulder pads are probably the third-most improtant piece of protective equipment worn by football players after the helmet and football cleats. Shoulder pad were originally designed to protect the top of the shoulder from the rigors of blocking and tackling. However, they have changed dramatically over the years and football trainers and players have several attachments that go on the bottom of the shoulder pads.
Large axillary pads
These pads go directly under the bottom of the shoulder pad and help protect the upper chest when absorbing significant tackles. This area on the body with the significant and consistent punishment that is absorbed over the course of a game or a long season. These pads are light and effective.
Back plates
These offer stability and are almost always used by players who have had back injuries in the past. The back plate helps protect against the impact of forceful tackles and the ensuing force that comes when the body hits the ground.
Rib protectors
Another device that helps protect areas that have been injured in the past. Rib protectors are strong and light and attach directly to the underside of the shoulder pads. Players who have rib injuries can sometimes play even though they are recovering because they are wearing rib protectors.
Kick plate
A kick plate goes directly underneath the front of the shoulder pad. It is designed to protect the lower portion of the chest from tackles, extraneous elbows and inadvertent kicks.
Shoulder flaps
The shoulder pad goes over the top of the shoulder. Shoulder flaps extend further down the arm from the lower part of the shoulder to the top of the upper arm.
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