Psychological stress is not just manifested mentally; it can also be manifested physically. Internal struggles may lead to the development of a variety of somatic conditions such as skin disorders. In addition, pre-existing skin disorders can be exacerbated by declines in mental health. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, psychological factors that affect medical conditions can also significantly interfere with the treatment of an existing medical condition.
Trichotillomania
Trichotillomania is a disorder that develops as a result of an underlying psychological condition. It is a self-induced disorder characterized by the plucking of hair on the body, such as eyelashes. In the Dec. 1, 2001 issue of "American Family Physician," Dr. John Koo identifies obsessive-compulsive disorder---OCD, to be the primary cause of trichotillomania. He also states that depression, anxiety, mental retardation as well as reactions to severe stress may also lead to trichotillomania.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that involves the overproduction of skin cells. These cells eventually form lesions and can be painful. According to Dr. Ted Grossbart, many cases of psoriasis are influenced by a combination of medical and psychological influences; as a result both medical and psychological treatments are often required to prevent relapse.
Acne
The belief that stress can cause acne is a common misconception. Acne is a popular skin disorder that results from dermatological conditions, not psychological ones. However, breakouts can be more severe in the presence of psychological distress. The relationship between acne and psychological distress can also be cyclical; the presence of acne may lead to stress which in turn worsens the acne.
Compulsive Skin Picking
Compulsive or chronic skin picking is a disorder characterized by the repeated picking at your skin. Picking of the skin is typically unconscious and directed at skin imperfections such as acne, moles or scabs. Although the target of this behavior is typically the face, other areas of the body may also be affected. According to the OCD Center of Los Angeles, "skin picking may be triggered by stress, anxiety or depression."
Eczema
Eczema is a type of dermatitis that results from an inflammation of the skin. Symptoms include reddening of the skin, dryness, itchiness, blisters and sometimes bleeding. The presence of these symptoms may lead to self-consciousness and fear of ridicule. These symptoms are made worse during times of significant stress.
References
- OCD Center of Los Angeles: Compulsive Skin Picking Symptoms & Treatment
- "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision"; American Psychiatric Association; 2000
- Psychology Today: Psychodermatology: Four Myths That Can Keep Your Skin From Getting Better
- American Family Physician: Psychodermatology: The Mind and Skin Connection
