Physical therapists practice in a wide range of settings including acute care hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, nursing homes, schools, burn units, home care and out-patient clinics. They work to rehabilitate people after illness or injury with the goal of regaining maximal function and mobility. The types of equipment used by a physical therapist, or PT, often depend on the patient's particular diagnosis and mobility level.
Basic Tools
Physical therapists often utilize the same type of stethoscope and blood pressure cuff used by physicians. Tape measures, reflex hammers, timers, scales and skin fold calipers all have their place in the therapist's "tool box." A dynamometer measures grip and pinch strength and a goniometer measures range of motion of a joint.
Modalities
PTs use some treatment modalities to help relieve symptoms like pain and edema. Other modalities help to increase circulation, promote muscle contractions, encourage wound healing or restore movement. Physical therapists apply electrotherapy, ultrasound, hot and cold packs, whirlpools and traction units to help patients meet these goals, according to W. Prentice in "Therapeutic Modalities in Rehabilitation."
Mobility Aides
In order to assist a patient in the recovery of more independent movement, physical therapists rely on various mobility aides. Walkers, crutches, canes, wheelchairs, and some types of braces are utilized to recover the ability to walk, advise S.B. O'Sullivan and T.J. Schmitz in their book, "Physical Rehabilitation." Sliding boards and mechanical lifts help transfer patients who are unable to move from one surface to another without considerable assistance. Parallel bars and training stairs allow for safe practice of mobility skills.
Gym Equipment
The typical physical therapy outpatient gym contains equipment for patients who are appropriate for more challenging programs. Treadmills, stationary bikes, steppers, ellipticals and free weights are common in this setting. Resistance bands or tubing, exercise balls and balance equipment are also frequently found in the out-patient clinic. Some of the larger clinics also include strength building machines that are commonly found in conventional health clubs.
References
- "Therapeutic Modalities in Rehabilitation, 3rd Edition"; W. Prentice; 2005
- "Physical Rehabilitation, 5th Edition"; S.B. O'Sullivan, T.J. Schmitz; 2006
