The Basics
A bowling ball moves due its spherical shape and the basic laws of physics. Without any hard edges to prevent movement, the ball will roll on any uneven surface, even a slanted floor. This is due to the effect of gravity on the ball and can provide a great example of a simple law of physics for kids. Newton's first law of physics, that an object at rest stays at rest unless another another force is applied, is easily demonstrated by placing a bowling ball on any surface and waiting for gravity to move the ball.
When bowling, by applying the power of your walk and throw, you move the ball down the lane, though the ball slows down as the it reaches the pins. This is due to the friction of the ball against the surface of the bowling ball lane. This friction causes deceleration.
How Fast?
Bowling balls have a maximum speed when first released by the player. The average speed is between 17 and 19 miles per hour. The mass of the ball, the power of the release and the type of ball used also affect the speed of the ball. To calculate how fast your ball is moving, simply calculate the length of time it takes the ball to move from the foul line at the beginning of the lane until it reaches the pins, a distance of 60 feet in a standard lane. A ball that takes four seconds is moving at 15 feet per second (60 feet divided by the four second travel time).
How Slow?
The ball will slow down about three to three and half miles per hour by the team it reaches the end of the lane. The amount of power applied at the initial release of the ball, as does the amount of oil on the bowling lane has a direct impact on the amount of deceleration. More heavily oiled lanes minimize friction and, thus, deceleration.
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