An allergen rash occurs when an allergen is ingested, breathed in or touched to the skin. An allergen is any substance that causes an overreaction of the immune system that causes the body of an allergic person to attack the substance, causing allergy symptoms, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Allergies are not universal, affecting each person differently. Determining the specific substances causing an allergic reaction is essential to effective treatment. Some allergens cause nasal reactions while others cause the skin to become inflamed and irritated. Talk with an allergist to determine the condition and treatment.
About Allergens
The most common allergens that cause a rash are foods, medications and airborne allergens, according to MayoClinic.com. The foods some people are commonly allergic to are dairy, nuts, shellfish and eggs. An allergen rash from taking medication is very common. Any medication can cause an allergen rash in any person. It's not until the person uses the medication more than once that will determine if she has an allergic reaction. Airborne allergens, such as pet dander, pollen and mold spores can all cause an allergen rash.
Types
The two most common types of allergen rashes are hives and contact dermatitis. Hives are raised areas of the skin that are very itchy and appear to spread or move, according to MedlinePlus. Hives can appear very quickly, disappear and reappear again for no reason. The more hives are scratched, the worse they become because of irritation. Contact dermatitis causes the skin to develop small bumps that may be filled with a clear substance, looking like poison ivy, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. The bumps are very itchy and can break, causing a vulnerability to infection.
Symptoms
Allergen rashes will be appear to be red and raised from the skin because of inflammation. They will itch and can burn when scratched. Allergen rashes can appear anywhere on the body but most commonly appear on the face, arms or legs, according to MayoClinic.com. Allergen rash symptoms are similar to other rashes and should be evaluated by a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment
Treating an allergen rash begins with avoiding the allergens. Make an appointment with an allergist to determine the types of substances that are causing the reaction. Stay away from hot showers, wearing tight clothing and fragrance lotions, according to MedlinePlus. The American Academy of Dermatology states that using over-the-counter hydrocortisone creams are effective at reducing inflammation and alleviating the itch. Taking an oral antihistamine is also recommended by MayoClinic.com.
Considerations
Any allergic reaction could be potentially dangerous. After experiencing an allergic skin rash, talk with a doctor. If swelling in the face, lips or throat occurs, call 911 and get immediate medical attention.
