The prostate gland is part of the male genitourinary system and produces most of the components of semen, with the exception of sperm. The prostate is situated underneath the bladder and partially encloses the urethra, which is why early signs of prostate problems usually involve urinary dysfunction. Prostate enlargement, or benign prostatic hypertrophy, is common in men who are over 40 years old, although MayoClinic.com notes that only about half of these men experience noticeable or bothersome symptoms.
Reduced Urine Stream
Benign prostatic hypertrophy is the most common pathology of the prostate. In fact, MedlinePlus cites that by 80 years of age, over 90 percent of American men will experience at least a mild prostate enlargement. As the prostate grows slowly over time, it puts more pressure on the urethra, which reduces the strength of the urine stream and the overall urine output. This is usually the earliest sign of prostate problems.
Difficulty Initiating Urination
Another early sign of a prostate problem is difficulty initiating urination. Despite an urge to urinate, it may take several seconds of straining to begin the flow of urine. In addition, the flow of urine may stop before the bladder feels fully empty.
Frequent Dribbling
A common bothersome symptom of prostate enlargement is dribbling at the end of urination. The flow of urine continues to dribble for many seconds beyond what feels appropriate, which is due to the pinching of the urethra by the enlarged prostate gland. Dripping may also occur during bedtime, which is a mild form of incontinence.
Increased Urge
Another early symptom of an enlarged prostate is an increased urge to urinate, especially at bedtime. Not only does the frequency of the urge increases, but also the strength of the urge. According to "Professional Guide to Diseases," having the urge to urinate two or more times at night without fully emptying the bladder is an indication of a prostate problem.
Pain
Early symptoms of an enlarged prostate rarely include pain, although an infection or cancer of the prostate might be painful in the early stages. Prostate pain is felt deep in the pelvis and is often stabbing in nature. A problematic prostate may also make ejaculation and sitting a little uncomfortable in the early stages.
References
- Mayo Clinic: Prostate Symptoms
- MedlinePlus: Prostate Enlargement and Symptoms
- "Professional Guide to Disease"; Springhouse; 2008
- The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library: Prostate Disorders
