There are many factors that influence a child's quality of life, according to Children at Risk, a non-profit research and advocacy center in Texas. When a quality of life measure is not being met, the conditions can place a child's health and welfare at risk. Factors that have a major influence on child welfare include basic safety, environmental conditions, education, nutrition and access to proper health care.
Significance
According to Children at Risk, requirements such as food, proper clothing and appropriate housing are all considered basic needs that can influence a child's health and wellness. When children live in poverty, they are at higher risk of malnutrition, and often have higher rates of social, emotional and psychological problems.
Physical and Mental Health
A variety of physical and psychological factors create risks for children and youth, notes Children at Risk. A lack of proper maternal health care and infant health care may place young children at a greater risk of physical illness. A lack of access to proper health care, especially for uninsured children, may result in higher rates of health problems. Many children who do not have access to proper medical care also do not receive immunizations against common diseases, leaving them more susceptible to these illnesses. In addition, children who do not have access to proper mental health and counseling services have a greater risk of developing psychological disorders.
Safety and Security
According to Children at Risk, adverse living situations can be dangerous for children, increasing their risk of injury or death. Children may be exposed to possible accidents, such as drowning or automobile collisions if parents or caretakers do not take proper safety precautions. Child abuse and neglect increase a child's risk of physical injury, mental health problems and, in some cases, death.
Education
The U.S. Department of Agriculture suggests that adequate early childhood education is one of the key predictors for long-term educational success. Young children who do not attend elementary school are more likely to drop out of high school. An adequate education is the primary pathway to successful employment and improved economic status. Children and youth who do not complete their schooling are at higher risk for eventual unemployment and poverty.
Prevention/Solution
The United States Department of Agriculture notes that nutrition, health care and early education programs can promote resiliency and reduce risk factors for children who are living in poverty. Researchers at Children at Risk suggest that advocacy, through community involvement and volunteer work, can be a key component in improving the quality of life for children and youth at risk.
