Although hundreds of different viruses may cause a common head cold, common culprits are the rhinovirus and the coronavirus, according to MayoClinic.com. The virus spreads by direct or indirect contact through shared objects such as a telephone. After contracting the virus, signs and symptoms of the cold generally begin to appear within three days. The highly contagious viruses do not respond to antibiotic therapy, but plenty of rest, over-the-counter medications and increased amounts of fluids may help reduce the signs and symptoms of the condition.
Headache
An individual suffering from a head cold may experience a headache. The head may throb from an inflammation in the sinus cavities in the skull or from generalized aching from the virus. The pounding headache may increase and cause a feeling of pressure in the forehead because of congestion in the sinus cavities. Over-the-counter cold and headache medications may help relieve the headache.
Fever
A fever may occur with a common head cold. The fever generally remains under 102 degrees, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Adults may need medical attention for signs of a head cold with a fever greater than 103 degrees and a child may require an examination for a fever higher than 102 degrees or 101 degrees for three days. A high fever may indicate another virus or bacterial infection is causing the symptoms.
Nasal Symptoms
Most individuals with a head cold experience signs and symptoms or nasal problems. Some people have stuffiness and congestion in the nasal sinuses. A change in the speech may accompany the congested nose because the sound cannot resonate normally through the sinus cavity. The sinus cavity may increase the production of thick mucus, ranging in color from clear to yellow or green, which is normal and not necessarily a sinus infection, according to MedlinePlus, a service of the National Institutes of Health. Increased amounts of nasal mucus may drain out of the nostrils or run down the back of the throat. The individual with the head cold may sneeze to try to clear the sinuses and the nasal passageway. Blowing the nose, sneezing and wiping nasal discharge away and then touching an object of another person may spread the virus causing the cold.
