Epidural steroid injections are corticosteroid treatments that are used to control symptoms of inflammation and pain within the arms, legs, back and neck, according to Mayfield Clinic, a Cincinnati-based neurosurgery clinic. The advantage of back injections over oral medication is the ability to place medicine in the area where it is needed. Because of the anesthetic medication used during the procedure, pain relief is often immediate. Patients should discuss associated side effects with a doctor before receiving treatment.
Nerve Damage
The Mayfield Clinic explains that nerve damage occasionally occurs as a side effect of corticosteroid epidural treatments. During the procedure, spinal column nerves can be punctured and injured by the injection needle. Affected patients can experience side effects of temporary weakness, tingling, numbness or pain throughout the body. Nerve damage caused by a corticosteroid epidural injection is rare. However, symptoms of tingling, numbness or pain following treatment should be discussed with a physician immediately.
Dural Puncture
Patients who receive a corticosteroid epidural injection can sustain a dural puncture as a side effect. A dural puncture occurs when a portion of the spine is pierced and spinal fluid leaks. As a result, this process can cause severe headaches in some patients. The Columbia University Medical Center explains that dural punctures, spinal leaks and resulting headaches are rare. Patients who develop headaches following corticosteroid epidural injections should report these symptoms to a medical professional immediately. Certain patients may require additional medication to alleviate headache pain.
Bleeding or Infection
According to the Hospital for Special Surgery, a corticosteroid epidural injection can increase infection or bleeding in some patients. Pain, swelling or minor bleeding following treatment is normal. However, patients who experience persistent injection site swelling, severe pain or bleeding should seek medical attention immediately. Typically, these symptoms are sign of an infection at the injection site. Additional treatment or medication may be necessary to resolve associated infections.
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