According to the Center for the Study of Development and Learning at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, some children have difficulty participating in daily activities in their home, school, or community. This difficulty with participation can often result from a variety of developmental, sensory, or behavioral challenges. In some cases a child may need to have psychological or academic assessments to uncover the cause of the issues, but in other cases, he or she may already be diagnosed with a disability or disorder.
Significance
According to the American Occupational Therapy Association, children who have difficulty taking in part in activities can have difficulty achieving or participating in a learning environment. They may also experience difficulty developing age- appropriate peer relationships and social skills. These academic and social difficulties may overlap to create significant challenges, especially in learning environments that require a great deal of group work and peer interaction.
Identification
According to sources at KidsHealth.org, a child may have difficulty participating for a wide variety of reasons. Some causes, such as physical disabilities, post-surgical conditions, or developmental delays may be more apparent to the adults working with the child. Other causes may be more difficult to identify, and teachers and parents may have to make efforts to investigate the underlying issues. In some cases this requires that parents and teacher collaborate and gather information about the child's behaviors.
Considerations
Sources at KidsHealth.org acknowledge that some children may not be able to take part in every activity in the home or school setting. Children with physical limitations may be able to find modified ways in which to participate. For example, using a computer with a modified keyboard if they are unable to write. The key to support a child who has difficulty taking part is considering the actual cause for the limitation. Adults can then work with specialists who can assist with behavior modification and support.
Prevention/Solution
Sources at the American Occupational Therapy Association suggest that many children with limitations benefit from the services provided by occupational therapy. An occupational therapist can offer activities and skill building that target the individual child's specific needs. For example, a child with mental health concerns such as oppositional behaviors or anxiety may work on behavior management techniques and social skills designed to help them integrate into activities.
Expert Insight
Sources at KidsHealth.org note that parents should consult with a child's doctor regarding specific concerns and the possible need for occupational therapy or even counseling support. Depending on the underlying issues, the doctor may provide referrals to occupational therapists, psychologists, or even parents support groups. In addition, the child may be eligible for additional support in the school setting, so parents should take the time to consult directly with school staff regarding their child's needs and the resources available to him.
