Hypertension typically does not present any symptoms and can be affected by many factors. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the CDC, about one in every three Americans, or 31.3 percent, has high blood pressure. The CDC also indicates that, in 2010, high blood pressure will cost the United States $76.6 billion in health care services, medications and missed time at work.
Other Medical Conditions
Certain medical problems, such as chronic kidney problems, endocrine disorders, thyroid disease, sleep apnea, diabetes, atherosclerosis, alcohol abuse and certain congenital defects in the blood vessels, can cause secondary hypertension. If one of these conditions has been diagnosed, it may be causing blood pressure to rise. Keep track of symptoms such as chest pains or shortness of breath, as hypertension is a risk factor for heart disease. A physician may order an echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, urinalysis, ultrasound of the kidneys or blood test to help determine a diagnosis.
Certain Medications
Certain medications, such as birth control pills, cold medicine, decongestants, over-the-counter pain medicine, appetite suppressant, and some prescription drugs such as asthma medicine or hormones to reduce symptoms of menopause, can elevate blood pressure. Make a list of all medications, including vitamins or supplements taken, before going to an appointment with a family practice physician.
Age
Children under the age of 10 years who have high blood pressure likely have another underlying condition, such as kidney disease, that is causing blood pressure to be elevated. A physician may treat the underlying condition to see if blood pressure improves. A physician may not know what is causing blood pressure to be elevated in older children with essential hypertension. Blood vessels also become stiffer with age, increasing susceptibility to high blood pressure.
Family History
A family history of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, stroke or diabetes may be the cause of elevated blood pressure. A family history of high blood pressure increases susceptibility to hypertension.
Other Personal Information
According to the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, being African-American, obesity, stress, anxiety and an unhealthy diet increase the chances for developing hypertension. A diet with too much sodium, too much alcohol and not enough potassium can be a cause for hypertension. Potassium and sodium levels can be determined through a blood test. Smoking and decreased physical activity can also raise the risk for hypertension.
