The chemotherapy drugs cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluoruoracil are a combination treatment regimen used for women with breast cancer, according to the Susan G. Komen for the Cure website. This chemotherapy regimen is also called CMF. Physicians may use CMF before or after surgery, or in combination with radiation, according to the Breast Cancer Care website.
Bone Marrow Suppression
The CMF regimen can cause bone marrow suppression, according to Cancer Research UK, because it may make bone marrow unable to produce enough red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets. Patients may experience fatigue because of the low red blood cell count, and be at higher risk for infection because of the decrease in white blood cells. Patients may also have nosebleeds because of the lack of platelets. The bone marrow suppression usually resolves after the CMF regimen is completed.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is another potential side effect of the CMF chemotherapy regimen, according to Cancer Research UK, and patients should remain hydrated while taking the CMF medications. If the diarrhea becomes too bothersome, a physician can prescribe medications to control the condition.
Nausea and Vomiting
Another side effect of CMF is nausea and vomiting, according to the Macmillan Cancer Support website. This nausea may be caused by the medication cyclophosphamide in the CMF regimen; according to Cancer research UK, patients should take antinausea medications before taking the cyclophosphamide.
Bladder Irritation
Cyclophosphamide can also cause bladder irritation, according to the Breast Cancer Care website. Drinking a lot of water may lessen the impact of this side effect. If patients notice any burning and stinging during urination, they should alert their physician. This symptom could also signify a urinary tract infection that would need treatment.
Infertility
While taking CMF, women may notice that menstruation may become intermittent or stop completely, according to the Breast Cancer Care website. This situation may be temporary or become permanent. Premature menopause and infertility are more common in older women who receive CMF therapy. For these women, premature menopause can lead to hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms.
