Blisters on the feet develop when socks or shoes rub against the skin, separating the top layer from the under layers and allowing fluid to fill the resulting space, according to the American Medical Association. Treatment involves pain management and preventing infection. Diabetics risk severe infection, and should seek medical attention at the first sign of blisters on the feet.
Protection
At the first sign of a blister, the individual should cover the affected area with an adhesive bandage or other dressing to prevent the skin from breaking, says MayoClinic.com. Depending on the size of the blister, the individual may choose an adhesive bandage, a gauze pad or commercial dressing designed for blister treatment. If the location of the blister makes it difficult to keep the bandage in place, rolled gauze or an elastic bandage may be helpful. The individual should keep the area clean and dry until the blister heals.
Drainage
Large, painful blisters on the foot may require drainage if the patient is unable to walk. Ideally, the health care provider will drain the blister under sterile conditions using a scalpel. If, however, the individual cannot access medical care, he may elect to drain the blister himself. He should wash his hands and the blistered area with soap and water, then swab the blister with rubbing alcohol, according to MayoClinic.com. He should sterilize a sewing needle with rubbing alcohol or by passing it through a flame, then carefully carefully insert the needle near the edge of the blister. The fluid will drain out while leaving the skin intact for protection. After applying antibiotic ointment, the individual should cover the area with a bandage and keep it clean. A diabetic, however, should never self-treat a blister. Instead, he must contact his health care provider for instructions and treatment.
Prevention
To prevent blisters, individuals should wash their feet daily and keep them as dry as possible. Wearing padded socks and shoes that fit well helps to prevent blisters. Individuals should shop for shoes late in the day when their feet are at their largest, avoid pointed toes and high heels; and break in new shoes gradually, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians. Diabetics should avoid socks that cut off circulation or rub against the foot, including socks that stretch, have inside seams or an elastic band at the top, or are made of nylon.
References
- "Handbook of First Aid and Emergency Care"; American Medical Association; 2009
- Mayo Clinic: Blisters - First Aid
- FamilyDoctor: Diabetes: Foot Care
