Nasal squamous cell cancer is comprised of extremely aggressive tumors that begin as thin skin cells. Most often discounted as allergies, the symptoms mimic seasonal hay fever and congestion with headaches. The Center for Advanced Head and Neck Surgery suggests that treatment begin quickly with the complete removal of both cancerous and healthy areas surrounding the cancer, as early stages are harder to detect. The cause of nasal squamous cell cancer is generally cigarette smoke inhalation, although it has also been linked to industrial dusts and fumes.
Diagnostic Imaging
In some instances, the cancer tumors may be seen on X-rays of the head and neck. According to the Center for Advanced Head and Neck Surgery, symptoms may range from runny and stuffy nose to headaches or vision problems. The doctor may recommend diagnostic imaging with biopsy to determine the source of the symptoms and extent of the damage. A doctor may also be able to determine whether or not the cells are malignant and stage the cancer upon findings during this procedure.
Endoscopic Excision
Endoscopic excision is a surgical procedure used to explore the cause of sinus symptoms. A scope is attached to the end of a tube that is inserted through the nasal passages into the head and neck searching for cancerous cells. The American Society of Clinical Oncology defines this method as a means for the surgeon to see the extent of the growth and spread of the cancer as well as remove tissues in the area prior to more aggressive approaches being taken.
Radical and Reconstructive Surgery
Radical surgery is often necessary for nasal squamous cancer, as the majority of these cases do not show any symptoms until the cancer has spread. Radical surgery entails the swift removal of all cancerous and precancerous tissues that can include the eyes. The Center for Advanced Head and Neck Surgery refers to this process as either cranial resection or maxillectomy. Plastic surgery to reconstruct the face and nasal passages becomes necessary as well as prosthetics to replace the eye.
