Ear infections occur more frequently in children, but can also occur in adults. Patient UK explains that most ear infections are caused by viral infections that typically begin in the Eustachian tube, which connects the nasal passages to the inner ear. In children, the Eustachian tube is more horizontally positioned, causing fluid to build up, increasing the risk of infection. Respiratory, throat and sinus cold infections can also spread to the inner ear and cause or worsen an ear infection. Viral infections of the ear are treated differently than bacterial infections, hence a correct diagnosis by a doctor is important. There are several types of viral ear infections that may require medical attention for treatment and pain relief.
Chronic Otitis Media
Chronic otitis media are acute or painful episodes of middle ear infections. These infections can last for quite some time or come and go. Medline Plus explains that chronic otitis media is an infection of the middle ear, which is located just behind the eardrum. This type of ear infection is most common in infants and small children and can be caused by a common cold or viral respiratory infection. While an ear infection is not contagious, the colds or infections that can cause them, can spread among children. Infants and children may show symptoms of otitis media such as fever, pulling at the ear, irritability and crying.
Labyrinthitis
The labyrinth is a structure in the inner ear that consists of narrow fluid-filled channels. According to Patient UK, labyrinthitis is a viral infection in this area that can be caused by various viruses, which then cause systemic illness or affect the entire body. These include infectious mononucleosis and measles. In some cases, other body viral symptoms may not be felt before an ear infection occurs. Labyrinthitis is an inflammation in the inner ear and usually affects only one ear. Symptoms can be severe and include temporary hearing loss, tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, pain, discomfort and vertigo or dizziness.
Vestibular Neuritis
Vestibular neuritis is also a viral infection that inflames the inner ear and can affect the vestibulo-cochlear nerve or eighth cranial nerve. This nerve connects the semicircular canals of the inner ear to the brain and is important in maintaining balance and positioning sense. A vestibular infection can occur after or during common viral illnesses such as a sore throat, flu or glandular fever. According to the website Vestibular.org, symptoms of vestibular neuritis range from mild to severe and affect balance and physical stability. They include mild dizziness, unsteadiness, imbalance, vertigo, violent spinning sensations, nausea, vomiting, vision problems and loss of concentrations. In severe cases, vestibular neuritis can affect the ability to sit up, stand and walk.
