Hemorrhoids, which are also referred to as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins that develop around the anus and lower part of the rectum. When the swollen veins develop cuts or tears, it can cause the rectum to bleed. According to MayoClinic.com, hemorrhoids are one of the most common conditions that affect the general population.
Causes
Bleeding hemorrhoids develop as a result of increased pressure in the rectum. One of the most common causes of increased pressure is straining during a bowel movement. Those who are frequently constipated may experience bleeding hemorrhoids often. Another cause of increased pressure in the rectum is pregnancy. Bleeding hemorrhoids are very common during pregnancy and just after childbirth, according to Medline Plus. Other causes of bleeding hemorrhoids include sitting for extended periods of time, anal infections, aging, obesity, chronic diarrhea and anal intercourse.
Symptoms
The bleeding that is associated with hemorrhoids is often bright red and painless. Bleeding is usually discovered when blood is found in the toilet bowl or on toilet paper, according to MayoClinic.com. If a hemorrhoid protrudes from the inside of the anus and extends to the outside of the body, it can cause pain, irritation and itching around the anus. A hard lump may also be visible. The anus may also swell and cause fecal leakage.
Treatment
The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse notes that treatment for hemorrhoids is usually aimed at relieving symptoms. Soaking in a bath full of warm water for 10 minutes, several times a day can help relieve pain and irritation. Over-the-counter hemorrhoid cream can be applied after a bath to keep the area moist and prevent further tearing. It is also recommended to consume more fiber and increase fluid intake to make the stools softer and easier to pass. This will prevent straining, which will allow the hemorrhoids to heal and prevent future recurrences. If bleeding hemorrhoids will not go away or cause severe symptoms, a number of surgical methods are available to remove them.
Complications
If bleeding from hemorrhoids is severe, it can lead to iron-deficiency anemia. This can cause a number of symptoms, including fatigue and weakness. The blood in the swollen veins may also form clots, which can cause the tissue around the hemorrhoids to die, according to Medline Plus.
Prevention
The best way to prevent hemorrhoids is to keep the stools soft so that pass easily without any strain. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse recommends a number of lifestyle techniques that can be used to help keep stools soft. These lifestyle techniques include engaging in a regular exercise program, increasing fiber intake and increasing water consumption.
