Rheumatoid arthritis is a painful, debilitating disease that develops gradually and can significantly impact productivity. An inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis attacks the joints and surrounding bones, destroying them over time and causing deformities most frequently seen in the hands. Commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral neuropathy describes nerve pain in the feet and hands. According to the University of Chicago Center for Peripheral Neuropathy, early detection and initiation of treatment will lead to better outcomes.
Physical Therapy
The joints and nerves impacted by neuropathy may need physical therapy treatment to maintain mobility. Rheumatoid arthritis can impact any joints, but it usually targets the hands, wrists, shoulders, ankle and knee joints symmetrically, meaning on both sides of the body. Physical therapists can target the entire body, whereas specialized physical therapists, known as occupational therapists, usually administer physical therapy for the hands and wrists.
Medications
A plethora of medications are marketed for relief of rheumatoid arthritis, and adjuvant medications can be used to help with nerve pain and inflammation. Anti-inflammatory medications, such as aspirin, ibuprofen and oral steroids, help decrease the swelling that is causing pressure on the nerves. Anti-rheumatic medications, such as methotrexate, target the immune system and inhibit the inflammatory response to stop further compression and joint damage. Certain antidepressants and anti-convulsants are sometimes prescribed to treat the burning, numbness or shooting-type pains in the hands and feet.
Splinting
There is no known cure for rheumatoid arthritis or peripheral neuropathy. However, The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library suggests early application of certain splints to help defer hand deformities. One deformity classic to rheumatoid arthritis is a swan-neck deformity, or the contracture of the distal fingertips. This constant flexion can entrap the nerves of the hand and wrist and contribute to the neuropathy known as carpal tunnel syndrome. Ring splints and wrist splints may decrease the angle of flexion on the joints, releasing entrapped nerves and allowing blood circulation to the areas.
Other Treatments
Even minimal daily exercise, such as a quick walk, will increase circulation and treat neuropathies. PDRhealth.com also mentions soaking the feet in cool water if the neuropathies affect the lower extremities.
