The term flatulence refers to the passage of intestinal gas, or flatus, through the rectum. Gas is composed of the vapors carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and, occasionally, methane. These gases are naturally odorless. The odor often associated with flatulence comes from the sulfur released by bacteria in the large intestine. The American Academy of Gastroenterology notes that on average people pass flatus 10 times per day, but up to 20 times per day is still considered normal.
Causes
Flatulence mainly comes two sources: swallowed air and the breakdown of undigested foods. The process of swallowing air, referred to as aerophagia, is a common cause of flatulence. Everyone swallows some air during normal eating or drinking. People who eat quickly, smoke cigarettes or chew gum usually swallow more air than average and experience flatulence more frequently.
Certain carbohydrates cannot be digested and absorbed by the body. These carbohydrates move from the stomach to the small intestine and travel to the large intestine in their full form. When the carbohydrates reach the small intestine, the normal bacteria there begin to feed on the carbohydrates, producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen. These gases eventually pass through the rectum as flatulence.
Foods That Cause Flatulence
Foods that contain high amounts of starches, fiber and sugars, cause the most flatulence. Some foods high in starch include potatoes, corn, pasta and wheat products. Fiber is found in oat, bran, beans and fruits. High concentrations of sugar can be found in milk products, fruits and processed foods. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse notes that foods that contain mainly fats and proteins do not usually cause flatulence.
When to See a Doctor
Although flatulence by itself does not usually indicate a cause for concern, flatulence can occur as a symptom of other underlying conditions. MedlinePlus notes that if flatulence is accompanied by severe abdominal pain, rectal pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, persistent diarrhea or weight loss, a doctor should be contacted. Oily, foul-smelling stools or stools that contain blood may also indicate a medical condition that requires medical attention.
Considerations
Chronic flatulence could indicate the presence of an underlying digestive disease or food intolerance. Irritable bowel syndrome, a digestive disorder characterized by bloating and gas, is a common reason for flatulence. Celiac disease, which is an intolerance to the protein gluten, is also a common cause of chronic flatulence.
Ways to Prevent Flatulence
MedlinePlus suggests that individuals avoid gas-causing foods, such as beans and cabbage, and chew meals slowly and thoroughly. Taking a walk approximately 10 to 15 minutes after eating may help the digestive process as well.
