Incontinence describes the inability to control the bladder or bowels, which results in episodes of leakage or full-blown accidents. Though incontinence is most common among the elderly, the problem may also result from anatomical problems, nerve damage, pregnancy, infections or as a side effect of medications, according to MedlinePlus. Depending on the cause of incontinence, some incontinent care procedures may help retrain bladder control or reduce the number of accidents.
Dietary Changes
Dietary changes can reduce the number of incontinence episodes a person experiences. For some people, caffeine or alcohol are culprits that contribute to incontinence by stimulating the bladder and acting as diuretics, according to MayoClinic.com. A doctor can help point out other possible problematic foods or beverages.
Kegel Exercises
Kegel exercises help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which allows some people to regain continence. MayoClinic.com reports that these exercises are especially helpful for those who experience stress incontinence, but may also help relieve urge incontinence. A doctor can explain the procedure or recommend a physical therapist that can help teach a patient how to contract the right muscles -- the same muscle used to stop urination -- for effective exercising.
Bladder Training
Even immobile individuals can practice bladder training with the help of a caretaker and by using bedpans, bedside commodes or other equipment for easier elimination. Making scheduled trips helps train the bladder to hold urine for increasing intervals. The ultimate goal is to lengthen the time between trips to extend from 2 to 4 hours, according to MayoClinic.com.
Cleansing and Hygiene
Cleansing and hygiene practices should be used in conjunction with the above incontinent care procedures to help decrease skin irritation that leads to skin breakdown and ultimately, ducubitus ulcers -- the medical term for bedsores. If frequent accidents occur, an incontinent product such as an adult diaper or pad may be helpful for keeping clothing clean. They should be changed regularly, however, even when they're dry, according to UW Health. When incontinence does occur, the skin should be cleansed immediately, using mild soap and water or a gentle cleansing wipe, and then patted dry with a cotton towel. Barrier creams may be applied lightly to moisturize and protect the skin, but should not be overused, as too much ointment can actually be harmful.
