A poison sumac reaction can occur when a person's skin comes in contact with the sap of a poison sumac plant. The sap typically enters the skin rapidly and spreads from person to person. Poison sumac sap may be on the plant, on an animal or on other objects that came in contact with the plant such as clothing and garden tools, according to Medline Plus. Symptoms commonly associated with a poison sumac rash are blisters, burning skin, itching, redness and localized swelling. Complications are rare, but it is important to know the risks associated with poison sumac.
Bacterial Infection
People who scratch their skin after developing a poison sumac rash may experience a bacterial infection, according to MD Guidelines. A bacterial infection can occur when the bacteria that live on the surface of the skin enter the body through the scratches. When the bacteria enter the body through the wound it multiplies and infects the surrounding skin. In some cases, the bacterial infection spreads to other parts of the body such as the heart, lungs and/or kidneys. Symptoms of a bacterial infection may include fever, diarrhea, vomiting as well as swelling, discharge and pain in the affected area, according the website MyOptumHealth.com. Treatment generally consists of antibiotics.
Anaphylaxis
A serious complication associated with poison sumac is anaphylaxis, according to the website MD Guidelines. Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur when the body is exposed to a specific trigger. People who are highly sensitive to poison sumac may experience anaphylaxis when their skin comes into direct or indirect contact with the plant's sap. Hypersensitivity to a specific trigger, such as poison sumac can prompt the immune system to release a large amount of antibodies to fight the foreign substance. Excess antibodies in the bloodstream can cause shock, a sudden drop in blood pressure and a narrowed or blocked airway. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include a rapid and weak pulse, dizziness, pale and flushed skin, nausea and/or vomiting, according to the MayoClinic.com. Anaphylaxis requires emergency medical treatment and typically consists of an injection of epinephrine. In severe cases, unconsciousness or death may occur so it is important to seek emergency medical care when experiencing a severe allergic reaction.
Hives
People who are highly sensitive to poison sumac may experiences hives when they touch the plant's sap or when they touch an object that has come into direct contact with the plant, according to the website MD Guidelines. People who develop hives may have patches of raised, red or white itchy skin welts that vary in size that appear to come and go, according to the MayoClinic.com. Most of the time hives disappear after a few weeks, but some people may continue to experience chronic hives that frequently come and go. Treatment generally consists of oral antihistamines, anti-depressants, epinephrine, H2 antagonists, oral corticosteroids and/or avoiding triggers.
