Although physicians normally recommend a high-fiber diet to ensure digestive health and help ward off chronic disease, there are times when a low-fiber diet is necessary. A patient with digestive disorders such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, diverticulitis or bowel inflammation may need to follow a low-fiber diet to help stay healthy and manage his digestive health. There are two types of dietary fiber, insoluble, any portion of food that the body cannot digest, and soluble, which has the ability to dissolve in the body.
Breads and Grains
Enriched white breads, plain pasta and white rice are safe to eat on a low-fiber diet. Whole grains are normally high in fiber and should be avoided, but some whole grains can be eaten safely even on a low-fiber diet. For instance, a serving of cornbread has just 2.3 g of fiber. A patient following a low-fiber diet should strive to keep her daily fiber consumption between 10 to 15 g. To properly track fiber intake, it is important to purchase a scale that accurately measures grams. In the United States, most food manufacturers are required to detail their product's nutritional content, including dietary fiber, on a label attached to the product.
Fruits and Vegetables
No-pulp juices are permitted on a low-fiber diet. Raw fruit that has been peeled or has no skin is also safe. Canned fruit is also permitted. Lettuce, onions, zucchini and cucumbers are low in fiber and may be eaten raw. Spinach, eggplant, carrots, asparagus and green beans may also be safely eaten. People following a low-fiber diet should limit fruit and vegetable servings to no more than two each day.
Protein
Patients following a low-fiber diet can safely eat cooked, tender meats, poultry and fish. Creamy peanut butter is allowed, as are eggs, butter, oils and smooth sauces. Meats containing gristle must be avoided. Processed luncheon meats, cheese and heavy cream should also be avoided. Other types of high-protein foods, including beans and tofu, are not allowed on a low-fiber diet. It is important that crunchy peanut butter not be substituted for creamy peanut butter.
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