The groin is the area where the lower abdomen and the legs meet. Pain in this area can be caused by a variety of sources. According to Medline Plus, groin pain can be caused by problems in the testicles in men, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, gynecologic problems in women, hernia or by muscle strain. According to "Differential Diagnosis and Management for the Chiropractor," the history of how the pain started is important in determining the cause. A muscle injury in the groin is common in athletes and usually affects the adductor muscles.
Anatomy
There are five muscles that actively adduct the hip joint, according to "Anatomy of Human Movement." Adduction refers to the movement that brings the leg toward the midline of the body. These muscles are the adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis muscle and pectineus muscle. These muscles are on the inside of the leg and run down the thigh.
Cause of Injury
According to "Differential Diagnosis and Management for the Chiropractor," the classic presentation of injury is an athlete involved in kicking, sprinting, water skiing or jumping who reports a sudden pulling sensation in the groin that causes pain and is often incapacitating. These movements can cause a sudden contraction of the adductors from a previously stretched position.
Management
Ice is used to help with inflammation and pain and can be performed at home. Ice is usually placed on the area for 10 to 20 minutes and then taken off for at least an hour before being used again. Ice can be used two to three times per day. Strapping or taping may also be used to assist the adductor muscles in proper function. Stretching the area is also used and can be performed at home or by a therapist.
Other Causes of Groin Pain Related to Adduction Injury
According to "Differential Diagnosis and Management for the Chiropractor," a sudden adduction injury can also irritate the pubic joint and cause a condition called osteitis pubis. Management of this condition is usually rest with a gradual return to activity.
When to Seek a Professional
If the pain in the groin is not related to an injury and is persistent and unexplained, it is important to seek professional help. According to Medline Plus, some common reasons to see a health care provider for groin pain include unexplained and persistent burning pain, testicle pain for more than three hours, testicular mass or skin discoloration or blood in the urine.
References
- "Anatomy of Human Movement: Structure and Function Fifth Ed."; Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R.; 2006
- "Differential Diagnosis and Management for the Chiropractor Protocols and Algorithms Third Edition"; Souza TA; 2005
- Medline Plus: Groin Pain
