Muscle contraction headaches, also commonly referred to in the medical field as tension-type headaches, can be debilitating. According to the National Institutes of health, tension type headaches are the most common type of headache. For some individuals, taking an over-thecounter pain reliever will remedy the headache, but millions of people suffer from tension-type headaches on a chronic basis.
Episodic Headaches
According to the National Headache Foundation, episodic headaches happen randomly, and most of the time are remedied by over-the-counter medicines. The Mayo Clinic states that episodic headaches can last for up to 30 minutes. Episodic tension headaches are due to stress, anxiety, and anger. Symptoms include band-like tightness in the back of the head, pain around the temples, pressure, and muscle pain in the back of the neck and head.
Chronic Headaches
Chronic headaches are classified as headaches that last for 15 days throughout a four month period, according to the Mayo Clinic and National Headache Foundation. The difference between episodic and chronic are the amount and duration of the headaches; the symptoms are the same. Chronic sufferers do not find relief in over-the-counter medications and usually are prescribed medications.
Causes
According to the Mayo Clinic, the root causes of muscle contraction headaches are unclear. Causes can range from poor posture, sleep patterns, jaw clenching, eye strain, anxiety and depression. Additionally, the neurotransmitters seratonin and endorphin, both responsible for pain control, sometimes cannot help to suppress pain when a tension headache occurs.
Risks
Tension headaches affect more women than men. The Mayo Clinic says 90 percent of women and 70 percent of men reported tension headaches. The National Headache Foundation reports that ages 20 to 40 are the most commonly affected group, although any age can present with tension headaches.
Coping
Dealing with chronic or episodic pain can lead to loss of work days and alter your activities of daily living. A support system comprising family, doctors and therapists is beneficial for an individual with chronic pain. Taking part in group therapy sessions can also be useful. Speaking to other individuals who share the same experiences can bring support and comfort.
