Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to the optic nerve. This damage leads to vision loss and blindness. According to The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the damage is caused by a buildup in pressure inside the eye to the point that it is too great for the eye to tolerate. Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, but early treatment can prevent the loss of sight. Treatment with eye drops is one of the treatments for early stages of glaucoma. To reduce the pressure in the eye, some eye drops cause fluid to drain from the eye, while others cause the eye to produce less fluid. Reducing fluid in the eye reduces the pressure. It is important to note that you should let your personal physician know if another doctor has prescribed drops for your glaucoma.
Beta-Blockers
Eye drops that are classified as beta-blockers have potential side effects, according to The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. These side effects include problems with breathing for people who have asthma or emphysema. The heartbeat can become slow or irregular. Impotence is another potential side effect. Beta-blocker eye drops can also cause depression. Contact an ophthalmologist immediately if you experience side effects.
Alpha Agonists
Eye drops that are classified as alpha agonists can cause the eye to redden or skin around the eye to redden. Another side effect for alpha agonist eye drops is for a dry mouth to develop. Fatigue or a decrease in energy levels can also occur.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Eye drops that are classified as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can cause irritation in the eye or redness in the eye as a side effect. A skin rash can develop, especially in people who have allergic reactions to sulfa drugs. A different taste can develop in the mouth, especially when the person taking the eye drops drinks carbonated beverages. Side effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor eye drops include nausea and an upset stomach. Fatigue and a loss of energy are also side effects of these eye drops.
Prostaglandin Analogs or Prostamides
Eye drops that are classified as prostaglandin analogs or prostamides can cause irritation or redness in the eye. There can also be a change in eye color. Eyelashes can become thicker and more numerous. Joint aches and flu-like symptoms can also develop.
Miotics
Eye drops that are classified as miotics can cause vision to blur. Another side effect of miotic eye drops is headaches. Retinal detachment is rare but is a potential side effect of miotic eye drops, according to The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
