Influenza, also known as the flu, is a highly infectious viral infection affecting the respiratory tract. Between 10 and 20 percent of Americans get the flu each year, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Symptoms of the flu include aching muscles, fever, cough, sore throat and nausea. Most people get over the flu within a few days, but infants and the elderly can be affected more seriously, leading to hospitalization, pneumonia and even death in extreme cases.
Different strains of the influenza virus have the potential to affect large populations of people in a short period of time. The flu virus is usually passed through the air from person to person, but it can also live for a short time on phones, keyboards and doorknobs. It isn't always possible to avoid the flu, but following a few simple guidelines can help you prevent its spread.
Step 1
Get a flu shot before the season begins to avoid getting the flu yourself. The flu vaccine is changed each year to adapt to new strains and its effectiveness depends largely on the strain of flu that is going around.
Step 2
Avoid contact with people who are coughing, sneezing, or you know have the flu. Stay at least six feet away from people you know to have the flu virus, advises Washington and Lee University.
Step 3
Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing especially when in the presence of other people. Use a tissue and dispose of it immediately after use.
Step 4
Wash your hands several times throughout the day during flu season. Use mild soap and warm water or antibacterial wash or wipes when soap is not available. Wash your hands as soon as you can after coming into contact with an infected person.
Step 5
Build your immune system by getting adequate rest, a healthy diet and regular exercise, says the Vermont Department of Health. Also, drink at eight glasses of water per day and do not share eating utensils, glasses, toothbrushes or water bottles.
Step 6
Clean handrails, doorknobs, countertops, phones and other surfaces that may come into contact with a lot of people. Use an all purpose cleaner or make your own with ¼ cup of bleach and one gallon of water.
