According to the American Diabetes Association, understanding food choices and portion sizes is the most important element of any diabetes diet. Diabetes is a lifelong disease characterized by elevated blood sugars and the body's inability to produce or use insulin, a hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar. The term brittle has been used to classify some people with diabetes whose blood sugars swing from very high, causing hyperglycemia, to very low eliciting symptoms of hypoglycemia. Brittle diabetic diets focus on streamlining and understanding the core components of a diabetes diet.
Caloric and Portion Control
Calorie counting and portion control is an important element of the brittle diabetic's diet. Calories are the measurement of energy contained in a food; if the calories exceed the activity level of the person consuming them they will be stored as fat. Brittle diabetics should work in conjunction with a Registered Dietician to set a daily target calorie goal using the person's height and weight, age and activity level. Sugars have elevated calorie counts and serve no nutritional purpose. High calorie foods, such as soft drinks, can contain up to 9 tsp of sugar in a single serving and should be avoided according to the University of Massachusetts Medical School.
Carbohydrate Count
Carbohydrates are easily broken down into sugars by the body. Merck Manuals Online Medical Library states that carbohydrates are one food that directly impact blood sugars almost immediately after consumption. Brittle diabetics should avoid foods that will add to their blood sugar surges including starchy vegetables like potatoes and refined flour products like white bread and some pasta. The American Diabetes Association encourages exchanging these high carbohydrate foods for spinach, carrots, whole wheat and other low-carb options.
Limit Saturated Fats and Cholesterol
Only minimal fats are needed in any diet, as saturated fats and cholesterol impact blood sugars, elevate blood lipids and provide minimal nutritional value. The University of Massachusetts Medical School encourages diabetics to trim or avoid fatty meats and to broil or bake foods rather than frying or sauteing them. Hidden fats are found in many condiments and sauces; brittle diabetics should avoid gravies and cheese sauces for this reason. Processed foods like hot dogs and cold cuts should be avoided for the same reason.
Journaling
Brittle diabetics can sometimes gain control of their blood sugars by journaling, or keeping a detailed record of, all meals. The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library suggests writing down all food substances, snacks, beverages and meal times as these factors directly impact blood sugars. A journal is also a good tool to bring to the doctor and the dietician; these healthcare professionals can review and double check calorie, carbohydrate and protein intake.
