Pain in the neck and shoulder may result from a variety of causes. Pain in these areas may appear simultaneously, and can often affect other, nearby areas of the body. While many instances of neck and shoulder pain resolve on their own, some cases involve constant pain that persists. Understanding the cause of your neck and shoulder pain can help you and your doctor determine the best type of treatment to reduce your discomfort.
Physiology
Your neck contains various structures that can cause pain, including vertebrae, cervical disks, ligaments, muscles and nerves. Pain in your neck may also affect your shoulders, causing widespread stiffness and discomfort.
Causes
While neck pain can occur after accidents or other types of obvious injuries, it often seems to start without a specific reason. Everyday activities, such as sitting at a desk for hours, may cause neck and shoulder pain. Poor posture while standing or sleeping can also contribute to pain in these areas. Although muscle strain accounts for many cases of tenderness, medical conditions, such as fibromyalgia, osteoporosis, arthritis and ruptured discs may also create pain.
Danger Signs
Contact your doctor immediately if your symptoms include pain that shoots along your shoulder or down your arm. Loss of strength, numbness in your arms or a change in your bowel or bladder habits may signal the presence of serious medical conditions.
Self Help
Persistent pain in your upper back, neck and shoulders may require a change of work habits. If you frequently sit at a computer, adjust your chair, keyboard and monitor to comfortable positions. Gently stretching the muscles in your neck and shoulders may help ease your pain, as well as applying hot and cold compresses to the tender areas. Soaking in a warm bath may also help to reduce your discomfort.
Medical Treatment
Persistent pain that continues beyond one week may require a visit to your doctor. Depending on the extent of your pain and accompanying symptoms, you may need to undergo certain medical tests, such as x-rays, blood tests and spinal taps. For soft tissue pain, such as pulled muscles around your neck and shoulder areas, your doctor may decide to have you take anti-inflammatory drugs or other painkillers. He may also recommend rest or physical therapy to help resolve your persistent pain.
