The spleen is an organ located in the upper left portion of the abdomen. Functions of the spleen include helping the body fight infections, destroying damaged cells and helping regulate the amount of blood in the body, according to MedlinePlus. Conditions such as a virus that causes an enlargement of the spleen or trauma to the abdomen may cause a rupture of the spleen. Individuals need to recognize the symptoms of a ruptured spleen in order to seek immediate medical attention to prevent life-threatening complications.
Pain
After rupture, the spleen may release a large amount of blood into the abdominal cavity. The bleeding may cause pain, and the individual may feel tenderness when pressing on the abdomen. In addition to the pain in the upper portion of the left side of the abdomen, an individual with a ruptured spleen may feel pain in the left shoulder, according to The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library Home Edition. The pain could also occur in the shoulder because the splenic rupture may irritate the nerves that run to the shoulder.
Rigid and Swollen Abdomen
The blood leaking from a ruptured spleen may cause the muscles in the abdomen to contract. The contraction of the muscles may cause a rigid abdomen. The bleeding may cause the stomach to swell.
Light Headed, Confusion, Blurred Vision and Shock
Large amounts of blood pouring into the abdominal cavity may cause a drop in blood pressure. Symptoms of decreased blood pressure because of blood loss include feeling lightheaded, confusion and blurred vision. Without treatment, the blood continues to spill into the abdomen and can cause symptoms of shock. These symptoms include anxiety, weakness, cool, clammy skin, and pale skin and eventually a loss of consciousness. Uncontrolled bleeding from a ruptured spleen may lead to death.
