Infections
While the exact cause of the brain damage of cerebral palsy cannot always be determined, according to the Mayo Clinic the most common cause is problems that occur before birth. Infectious diseases in either the mother during pregnancy or in the first few months of the infant's life can cause cerebral palsy. Known root maternal infections include chicken pox, rubella, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus and syphilis. Infant infections that may cause cerebral palsy include viral encephalitis and meningitis.
Congenital Abnormalities
If the infant's brain doesn't develop properly during gestation, he may develop cerebral palsy. While the cause is usually not known, it can sometimes be traced to gene mutations that prevent normal brain development. The risk of congenital abnormalities is increased with exposure to radiation, toxins and infections. According to 4MyChild, maternal drug and alcohol abuse can also lead to congenital abnormalities and result in cerebral palsy.
Other Causes
Fetal strokes can occur if the flow of blood to the fetus is interrupted or if weak or malformed blood vessels to the fetal brain leak blood; this condition can lead to cerebral palsy. A small number of cases are linked to lack of oxygen during the birthing process. Untreated cases of severe jaundice can also cause brain damage and result in cerebral palsy. A head injury such as from a car accident, child abuse or a fall are other possible causes.
