Heel ulcers are basically pressure sores. They often result from constant pressure to areas of the body where the bone is near the skin such as the heel. The weight of the bone against the skin can reduce the blood supply along the compression site, generating tissue death. According to MedlinePlus, this causes the skin to break down, eventually forming into a blister and then an open sore. To treat a heel ulcer, you need to remove the pressure along the compression site. One way to do this is with support surfaces such as waffle boots.
Waffle Boots
Waffle boots are air-filled splints that hug the feet, ankles and calves. They float the feet above the bed, relieving the pressure placed on the heels, while still avoiding new sites of compression along the calves or ankles. This relief allows for better blood flow within the compression site and prevents further break down of the skin.
Follow-Up Care
It isn't always enough to simply elevate the foot to improve heel ulcers. While waffle boots help return proper blood flow to the area, you must still reduce the potential for infection. Cleaning the affected heel with mild soap, water and saline as well as regularly dressing the wound can all reduce bacterial buildup, prevent infections and speed the rate of heeling, advises the American Academy of Family Physicians.
Dead Tissue
Another important facet to the care of heel ulcers is what's known as debridement, notes MayoClinic.com. This is the removal of any dead tissue around or within the ulceration site. Sometimes, flushing the areas with saline, or saltwater, is enough to dislodge the dead tissue. In other situations, a surgical procedure can be used to extract the dead tissue.
Symptoms
Most pressure ulcers begin as red, warm areas along the compression site. Prior to skin ulceration, you may also notice inflammation and tenderness of the skin as well as an isolated sensation of itchiness, advises the American Academy of Family Physicians. As the wound progresses, it forms into a blister and then an open wound. If the ulceration becomes infected, it isn't uncommon for the site to secrete yellowish or greenish pus.
Prevention
Besides wearing waffle boots at the onset of bed rest, make sure to change your position regularly. Placing a pillow under your calves can also help float the feet, avoiding compression of the heels, and thereby maintaining proper blood flow.
