Testosterone is a naturally occurring hormone in both men and women. The level of testosterone in the body does change with time, and the Cleveland Clinic notes that after age 30, men especially can expect their testosterone levels to decline. As a result, testosterone replacement therapy or testosterone supplements may be considered. To make the best choice, it is important to understand the side effects of testosterone.
Acne
Acne is a common side effect of testosterone. The Cleveland Clinic notes that as a result of testosterone use, skin will become oilier and acne can develop. If the acne is troublesome, patients should consult their doctors.
Hair Loss
For both men and women using testosterone, hair loss may result. Drugs.com notes that this is considered to be a common side effect of testosterone and reports that facial hair growth may accompany loss of head hair.
Changes in Reproductive Organs
Using testosterone can result in changes to the size and function of the sexual organs in both men and women. The Cleveland Clinic reports that men may experience breast growth as a side effect of testosterone, which may be coupled with decreased testicular size. In women and children, Drugs.com reports that inappropriate enlargement of the genitalia may occur, and the regular menstrual cycle may be altered.
Children taking testosterone may experience libido and, in males, an increase in erections, while men may experience increases or decreases in frequency of erections, notes Drugs.com. These sexual organ changes are considered to be severe side effects of testosterone use and should be immediately reported to a medical professional.
Stimulation of Cancer Growth
In some cases, testosterone can stimulate the growth of cancerous cells. This is a rare side effect of testosterone and applies only to two types of cancer, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Prostate cancer growth can be stimulated by testosterone therapy, requiring screening prior to starting a course of testosterone treatment and a careful monitoring of urinary behavior for early signs of any prostate function changes. The Cleveland Clinic also notes that men who have been diagnosed with breast cancer will want to avoid taking testosterone due to its side effects on their cancer.
