Low blood glucose, also referred to as hypoglycemia, is the result of excessive production of insulin. The pancreas produces insulin, which works to balance blood glucose levels within the body. Glucose levels are considered low if they fall below 60 to 70mg/dL. Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia will depend on how quickly glucose levels are falling. Low blood sugar is often caused by skipping meals or poor nutrition or as a side effect of diabetes treatment.
Behavioral
Behavioral and mental status changes, such as anxiety and confusion, can be triggered by hypoglycemia. Sudden mood changes and irritability are also common. During episodes of low blood glucose where behavior is altered, the individual may find it difficult to complete tasks that he is accustomed to completing on a daily basis. The individual may experience memory loss and difficulty concentrating. According to the Mayo Clinic, hypoglycemia can cause cognitive deterioration. These cognitive and behavioral symptoms are caused by the lack of necessary sugars being supplied to the brain.
Physical
Physical symptoms of hypoglycemia include heart palpitations, increased heart rate, tremors, sweating and visual disturbances, such as double vision. According to Merck, these symptoms occur because of a release of epinephrine, which is also released during anxiety and panic attacks. An individual might exhibit symptoms that can mimic those of an anxiety attack as a result of low blood sugar.
Uncommon Symptoms
Several symptoms of hypoglycemia, including seizures and loss of consciousness, are uncommon but severe. If an individual suffers from prolonged low blood sugar, she can suffer brain damage and become comatose. This is referred to as insulin shock, and it can lead to death. These symptoms are usually rare and a result of delayed treatment for hypoglycemia.
